EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON ANATOMICAL, CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HUNGARIAN BLACK LOCUST (ROBINIA PSEUDOACACIA L.) WOOD AS FUNCTION OF GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATIONS

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Absztrakt (kivonat)

Black locust is a widely cultivated plantation species with a substantial global distribution. In Hungary, it covers approximately 24.42% of the total forested area, and its wood is valued for its high durability and resistance to environmental factors. Given its broad distribution across the country, the properties of Robinia pseudoacacia L. wood may vary considerably among different regions. Therefore, this research was aimed to investigate the physical, anatomical, chemical and mechanical properties of wood Robinia pseudoacacia L. across Hungary under different growth conditions. Also, the study analysed the relationship between temperature and precipitation with ring width and fiber length. As well as the relationship between chemical extractives with color parameters. A total of twenty-two logs were collected from five counties namely, Bács Kiskun, Szabolcs Szatmár Bereg, Vas, Baranya and Győr Moson Sopron. the differences in wood properties were investigated using R software programme. Statistical analysis indicated significant differences in Robinia wood properties across Hungary and growth conditions. Across all counties, wood fiber length ranged from 1.04 to 1.11 mm, while ring width ranged from 1.25 to 3.68 mm. With greatest fiber properties produced in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg and Vas counties and besides the GGC. Chemically, Vas County recorded the highest values for methanol water extractives at 11.8%, total extractives at 13.4%, total polyphenol content at 36.0 mg GAE/g dw, and antioxidant capacity at 17.8 mg AA/g dw. In contrast, Baranya County showed the lowest levels of chemical extractives and the lowest lightness values. The mean values were 0.80±0.07 g/cm3 for air-dry density and 0.71±0.06 g/cm3 for basic density. Bács Kiskun and PGC–poor growth conditions recorded the highest values while the lowest values found in Baranya County and the MPGC–poor growth conditions mixed species. Mechanically, Bács Kiskun recorded the highest modulus of elasticity, while Győr Moson Sopron documented the highest modulus of rupture and compressive strength. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between lightness with methanol water extractives as well as with total phenol content. In contrast, lightness was negatively correlated with cyclohexane ethanol extractives. These results are significant for wood applications and for forest management in Hungary and in our opinion, it can provide a good basis for examining wood materials from other regions.

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